Assictopv of one-half to george



R. E. CARMICHAEL.

PIPE WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, l9l9.

1,324,302. Patented Dec. 9,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- 'd If fl L'Hf" 1 R. E. CARMICHAEL.

PIPE WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 7. l9l9.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

3313 JW SM Momma UNITED srATEs PATENT onmon.

ROBERT E. CARMICHAEL, 0F DAMON, TEXAS,.ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE I-IA1VI1VAN, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS.

PIPE-WRENCH.

AEL, a citizen of the United States,'residing at'Damon, Texas, county" of Brazoria, have" invented a certain new and useful Improve mentin Pipe-Wrenches, ofwhich the fol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description,

such aswill enable others-skilledin the art to which it app'ertains to make and use the same.--- V r My invention relates to an improvement.

in pipe wrenches. It has speeialapplication to pipewrenches used in well drilling and similar operations, but maybe used in anyoperationsinwhich apipe wrench of strong constructionis required. I l r Anobject oflmy invention is to provide a pipe wrench which willbe capable of operation-i-n either direction as desiredyandf which: will be strong in construct1oni and" easilyflmanipulated. Another ob ect-1s to of' this specification and wherein like parts are referred to by like' cliaracters of refer ence throughout the severalviews, Figure 1- j is aside elevation of my mproved" dQVlCG' with the chain omitted; Figs. 2and 3 are profile views of one of the jaws used in connection therewith; Fig.4 is-a view of the handle and the head thereon, to whlch -the' attaching means is secured; Fig. 5 is aside elevation taken at right 1 angles to the view shown in Fig; 1, showing 'the j aws in their forward position Fig's.-6 and? are viewsof one of the links used in the chain employed Q in connection with my invention; Fig; 8 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 5, show: ing the j awsand chain in gripping position.

The head of my improvedwrench or tongs comprises a rectangular block" 1 of irregular formation, having a reduced handle Qmtegrail therewith. The forward endof'the head is provided with a transverse groove or concave portion 3 which maybe toothed, as shown at 4 or may be-plain as shown in the of the head are provided dov'e tailed recesses to accommodate the enlarged inner] end {of specificationof Letters Patent.

other figures; On each of "the" side faces Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

Application filed r al-0117,1919. Serial No. 281,216.

therefork .These jaws have, at their inner ends, an inwardly extending mortised mem her 6 adapted to fit slidably within the dovetailed recess 4 of the head. On each side of the mortised member 6 and integral therewith, are two downwardly extendingfianges' 7, which are formed to over-lap the side of the head 1 of the wrench so as to prevent lateral movement ofthe jaws, While in position, relative to the head 1. The rearward end ofthe mortised member 6 of each of the jaws, is provided with a flattened face 8 for contact with a retaining'memberil, against which the face 8 is adapted to contact. The mainbodyof both ofthe jaws comprises a flattened plate 10 fittingislidably. upon the lateral "face 11 at the forward end of the tool 'head. Two forwardly extending'gripping portions 12 are provided on the forward end of the said j aws. Between thetwo said grippingmembers is a slot orre.cess 13- through 'which' an attaching chain 14: is

adapted to play. On the outer 'faceof o'ne' of: the jaws isan upwardly extending staple '15,

towhich one end of said chain may be attached. The jaw on the opposite side-of said tool is providedwith a hook 16 over i which the chain may 'catch.

The retaining member 9- at the'rear end of the two jaws ha a back-weirdly extending mortised portion 16 fitting within the rear end of the dove-tailed recess 4 which is deeper at this end-as shownatqc in Fig. 4:, in thehead; A forward faeeof thisretaining member isshaped toffit therear end of the slidingjaw and has forward mortised point 28 to prevent removal upwardly. The member 9 has a forwardly projecting supporting portion 17 toprevent the movement outwardly from the dove-tailed slot 4 of the said jaws. The retaining members 9, are sea cured in position by the mortised portion and by means of a transversely extending bolt 18 which passes through the two jaws and throughthe transverse opening 19 in the head, and is held securely by a nut thereon. Between the rearward faces 8 of the jaws and the retaining member 9 is positioned'a helical spring 20. j Thisfspring'is fitted within a recess inthe forward face of the member 9 and when compressed, Wlll be inclosedentirely within said recess, but the said sprlng'ls capable of extension so as to normally force the jawse to. the forward the clamping jaws 5 and a retaining means end of the dove-tailed slots 4 of the head.

The chain 14, one end of which is attached to the staple 15 011 one of the jaws, and the opposite end of which is adapted to latch over the hook member 16 on the opposite jaw, is preferably made up of links such as are shown in Figs. 6 and 7 This form of chain, however, is only one of many ordinary forms of chain which might be used on my device. The links making up this chain have a forward hooked member 21, somewhat narrower than the full width of the link and adapted to fit within the adjacent connecting link and over the opposite end 22 of said adjacent link. An opening or slot 23 on the hooked end of the link, when turned upwardly at right angles to theadjacent link to which it is attached, will be adapted to pass over the end 22 if said link, through a notch or recess 24 at one side thereof. hen the links are then extended, the same cannot be detached. This form of link is of common construction and does not constitute a part of my invention, but is illustrated as one of the preferred forms of link which may be used, because it is easily repaired when one link is broken. By simply taking out the broken link and placing a new link in place of the broken one by sliding the hooked end of one of the new links oven the opposite end of the adjacent link and connecting the same in line with the rest of the chain, the tool is again ready for use.

At each side of the central portion of the link, I have shown a tooth 25 which is square in cross section and adapted to fit within a similar shaped groove or recess in the inner face of the said link, in such manner that one of the points 26 thereof will project outwardly from the face of the link so as to grip the pipe with which it comes in contact. This tooth may be made of hardened steel, and as will be noted, may be turned when dull so that another angle of the same will contact with the pipe and when no longer usable another tooth may b substituted therefor.

In the operation of my device the chain is loosened from the hook member 16 and the gripping members 12 of the jaws are placed upon the pipe 27 to be operated upon. The pipe then fits against the forward groove 3 in the head and the chain 14 is pulled tightly about the pipe and is caught over the hook 16 on the opposite jaw. This position of the aws is illustrated in Fig. 5. Both of the jaws will be at the forward ends of the slots 4 and the chain will be gripped as tightly as possible over the hook 16. It will be obvious that some play will usually occur in the chain 141, due to the fact that there is bound to be some slack in the chain after it has been caught over the hook 16. The wrench may be turned either Way on the pipe, and in Fig. 8 the handle is supposed to be turned in a counter-clockwise direction about the pipe 27. The plpe will then roll slightly within the grooved end 3 of the head of the wrench coming in tight gripping contact with the left hand jaw, as shown in Fig. 8. This jaw will then be shoved, by the continued movement of the handle, backwardly against the action of the spring 20, into contact with the retaining member 9. The other jaw will remain in its forward position. The lateral rolling or sliding of the pipe 27 upon the head, together with the backward slipping of the aw 5 with which it contacts, will serve to tighten or take up theslack in the chain 14 so that the teeth 26thereon will obtain a tight gripping hold upon the pipe. Continued movement of the handle in the same direction will then serve to rotate the pipe itself. It is obvious that the pipe can be also turned in the opposite direction and that the same action in the reverse direction will take place between the jaws and the pipe.

When it is desired that the-jaws slip on the pipe, when the handle is turned, in one direction and to grip the pipe when it is turned, in the other direction, in order that the handle may be reciprocated to turn the plpe, as is sometime necessary, one gripping portion 12 of one of the jaws 5 may be made plain instead of toothed in-an obvious manner so that the swing of thehandle in that direction will not serve to grip the pipe sufliciently to rotate the same but when the handle is swung in the opposite direction so as to brin the pipe into contact with the toothed portion 12 of the opposite jaw the pipe will be gripped so as to cause it to be rotated.

Having thusdescribed my invention, the objects and advantages of which will be clear without further description, what I claim as new and desireto' protect by Letters Patent is: i

1. In a pipe wrench, a head, jaws adapted for slldable movement on opposite faces 2. A pipe wrench comprisinga head, dovetailed recesses in opposite faces thereof, gripping jaws having mortised ends adapted to fit withinsaid recesses, means adapted to hold said jaws slidably within said recesses and a chain connecting the said jaws. V

3. In a pipe wrenclna head, a'dove-tailed recess in opposite faces of said head, jaws adapted to slide within said recesses, detachable retaining members to hold said jaws in said recesses, toothed Q-gripping portions on the forward ends'of said jaws and means connected with said jaws to hold said jaws on the pipe.

4. In a pipe wrench, a head provided with recesses therein, jaws slidable in said recesses, a chain adapted to connect said jaws and the pipe to be operated upon, and means to secure said jaws against displacement from said head. j

5. In a pipe wrench, a head provided with dove-tailed recesses in Opposite faces thereof, jaws adapted to slide within said recesses, a chain adapted to connect said jaws, retaining members fitting within one end of said recesses and over-lapping said jaws, and

means on said retaining members to hold said jaws toward the forward end of said recesses.

6. In a pipe wrench, a head, aws thereon,

means to retain said jaws slidably on said.

head, there being gripping portions on said jaws, outwardly extending attaching members on said jaws and a chain secured to said attaching members.

7 In a pipe wrench, a head, jaws slidable thereon, a retaining means to hold said jaws on said head, a chain detachably connecting said jaws and resilient means cooperating with said retaining means and said jaws to press the jaws toward the forward end of said head. I

8. In a pipe wrench, a head, gripping jaws, means to retain said jaws slidably on said head, resilient means to press said jaws toward the forward end of said head, and a chain connecting said jaws and adapted to cooperate with said jaws in the manner described.

9. In a pipe wrench, a head having recesses therein, jaws retained slidably and non-rotatably in said recesses, and means connecting said jaws and operating to hold said jaws on the work.

10. In a pipe wrench, a head, jaws retained slidably thereon, and means connecting said jaws and cooperating therewith to retain the jaws on the work and also acting to rip the W01k."

n testimony whereof, I hereunto aifix my signature this thef ith day of March, 1919.

ROBERT E. OARMICHAEL. 

